Internationalism No. 82, December 2025 Page 9 On the Chinese front of his trade offensive, Donald Trump, from his first term onwards, has combined tariffs on imports from China with US export controls aimed at Beijing's technological containment , such as the ban on supplying the latest generation of software and chips to telecommunications giant Huawei. Democratic President Toe Biden confirmed many of these measures in the ambiguous formula of a "small vard with a high fence": severe restrictions but limited to technologies deemed sensitive for national security. Underground panic The Chinese government has responded blow for blow, both with trade tariffs on US goods and by rationing export licences for strategic raw materials. In this way, it has been said, the trade battle has extended into manufacturing supply chains, opening a technological cold war with new forms of deterrence. In 2023, for example, pressure from the White...